Pharmacognosy Journal, vol: 13,2 (2021)
Novel antiviral investigation of Annona squamosa leaf extract against the dengue virus type-2: In Vitro study
Ansori A.N.M., Fadholly A., Proboningrat A., Antonius Y., Hayaza S., Susilo R.J.K., Inayatillah B., Sibero M.T., Naw S.W., Posa G.A.V., Sucipto T.H., Soegijanto S.
Abstract
Introduction: Dengue virus (DENV) infection is general mosquito-transmitted viral taint. It can lead to the dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Dengue is a solemn illness with no endowed antiviral medication or recognized vaccine. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the activity of Annona squamosa leaf extract (ASLE) against dengue virus type-2 (DENV-2) isolated from Surabaya, Indonesia in 2013 (NCBI accession number: KT012509). Methods: In this study, the antiviral activity of ASLE was evaluated against DENV-2 in Vero cells using Viral ToxGlo™ Assay. In addition, we used CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay to set the amount of viable cells in culture based on quantitation of the ATP. Results: DENV-2 replication inhibited by ASLE in Vero cells with IC50 = 73.78 μg/mL and SI = 4.49 when cells were treated two days after virus infection, whereas its CC50 for cytotoxicity to Vero cells was 331.54 μg/mL. Interestingly, this is the first report on the investigation of ASLE against DENV-2. Conclusion: In summary, ASLE demonstrated the antiviral activity against DENV-2 with less toxicity, and high possibility as a drug candidate. Therefore, it might be suggested for in vivo assessment in the progress of a potent antiviral against DENV-2. © 2021 Phcogj.Com.
Keyword: Annona squamosa; Antiviral activity; DENV-2; Vero cells